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        基于swagger和AST的轻量级mock方案
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          <h2 id="目前主流的mock方案"><a href="#目前主流的mock方案" class="headerlink" title="目前主流的mock方案"></a>目前主流的mock方案</h2><p>目前大多数公司都会搭建自己的mock server或接口平台，比如yapi;或者使用第三方的api管理平台，通常也会带mock功能。</p>
<p>前后端协作过程中，后端将接口写入或者用用swagger.json导入接口平台，前端在接口平台编辑mock数据，并配置dev server的proxy代理到接口平台。</p>
<p>然而，当项目进项到小范围迭代时，由于需要配置多个服务的多个接口的代理,当然每次配置修改，还得重启dev server，有些时候过于麻烦，不如跳过请求，直接模拟接口返回的数据。可是这些测试数据，一旦忘了删除，又会引起不小的事故。</p>
<h2 id="更轻量的mock方案"><a href="#更轻量的mock方案" class="headerlink" title="更轻量的mock方案"></a>更轻量的mock方案</h2><p>我想要mock，但是又不想走mock server，又不想在代码里写测试数据，那么有没有办法呢？有的！</p>
<p>通常情况下，如果公司后端能够提供swagger，那么前端可以根据json文件生成接口请求的统一代码。 比如</p>
<p><img src="./../imgs/10c5f00eda3c48d29258f27106bdd07d.png" alt="image.png"> 或者 <img src="./../imgs/60e2c179cd9d4caa9cfd576459bd8a08.png" alt="image.png"></p>
<p>当然如果项目是用ts的，那么各种类型定义也可以生成，注释块中也不用写这么多内容。</p>
<p><strong>既然返回信息都已经在注释中了，那么是否可以更进一步，支持mock呢？</strong> 比如新增一个@mock符号，根据@returns中的类型定义，将mock好的数据注入进来。</p>
<p><img src="./../imgs/0be2614c9e344dae9bfddf91d293525b.png" alt="image.png"></p>
<p><strong>理论上可以，但是现实不允许</strong>，就比如截图中，各种字段没有任何注释，result到底是什么结构也不清楚。上述想法只能在后端比较规范的情况下实施。</p>
<p><strong>那么退而求其次，前端指定mock</strong>。</p>
<p><img src="./../imgs/0e8108de34d14efdb7b72d13e37121ac.png" alt="image.png"></p>
<p>这样可行性就很高了，我们可以操作一下。</p>
<h2 id="自定义babel-plugin"><a href="#自定义babel-plugin" class="headerlink" title="自定义babel-plugin"></a>自定义babel-plugin</h2><p>生成的代码都是包含了</p>
<figure class="highlight csharp"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">const</span> res = <span class="keyword">await</span> ...</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">return</span> res;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p>通过babel转换ast，我们可以将这个代码变为</p>
<figure class="highlight php"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="variable constant_">res</span> = Mock.<span class="title function_ invoke__">mock</span>(&#123;<span class="attr">code</span>:<span class="number">0</span>,<span class="attr">msg</span>:<span class="string">&#x27;@string&#x27;</span>&#125;)</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">return</span> res;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p>plugin大致这个样子</p>
<p><img src="./../imgs/76bd8f8d77934079b3d1921ee8c65baa.png" alt="image.png"> process.env.NODE_ENV判断只有在开发环境下才会转换，对开发者来说，由于@mock是写在注释里的，他们不用关心提测上线的时候有没有把它去掉。</p>
<h3 id="ast的几个重要概念"><a href="#ast的几个重要概念" class="headerlink" title="ast的几个重要概念"></a>ast的几个重要概念</h3><p>node： ast是一个树状结构，因此有很多节点，每个节点就是一个node，node是有类型的，一个node对应一个代码片段。</p>
<p>path: 用来连接node的一个对象，node在path下，通过path可以找到其他的path，从而找到其他的node</p>
<p>node也是一个树形的数据结构，可以通过node的属性不断往下访问，但是这种方式，只能访问到下面的node，获取不到这个node对应的path； 而通过path.get得到的则是path</p>
<p>visitor以及visitor下面的方法：</p>
<p><img src="./../imgs/1902c6bb31c6405ca1c5c77e9f35fe1a.png" alt="image.png"></p>
<p>visitor下的几个方法，基本上对应的是node的类型，进入某个节点后，会相应执行这个node的type对应的方法。第一个参数是path，第二个参数state可以获取文件名、plugin的选项等等。</p>
<p><img src="./../imgs/fb8618145de9463981c94d9afcd58dab.png" alt="image.png"></p>
<h3 id="ast的操作"><a href="#ast的操作" class="headerlink" title="ast的操作"></a>ast的操作</h3><p>ast是一个很复杂的对象，首先必备ast可视化工具 <a href="https://astexplorer.net%2F" title="https://astexplorer.net/">astexplorer.net&#x2F;</a></p>
<ol>
<li>遍历： 可以通过path.get或者通过path.traverse(visitor),当需要查询子path时用后者会比较方便</li>
<li>停止遍历 path.stop()</li>
<li>ast修改、替换 通过node我们可以得到某个ast片段，我们要修改这个片段，则可以通过@babel&#x2F;type提供的方法，一点点构造ast，这个@babel&#x2F;types 也就是截图中的{types:t},它的api可以参考包中的d.ts声明文件，挺清楚的。</li>
</ol>
<p>用@babel&#x2F;types构造ast是很痛苦的，不过babel还有个工具可以直接将字符串转化为ast:@babel&#x2F;parser</p>
<p><code>const &#123; parseExpression &#125; = require(&#39;@babel/parser&#39;)</code></p>
<p><img src="./../imgs/e27249efe15b4c27b00bb6e5096c23d9.png" alt="image.png"></p>
<h2 id="具体代码"><a href="#具体代码" class="headerlink" title="具体代码"></a>具体代码</h2><p><img src="./../imgs/a7c6fea42810464aa34b8a331ac925af.png" alt="image.png"></p>
<h2 id="总结"><a href="#总结" class="headerlink" title="总结"></a>总结</h2><p>这套方案胜在轻量灵活，可以很好地和mock server互补。并不是推荐用这种方式替换掉mock server，当然团队没有mock server时，编写个插件的成本肯定是很小的。另外如果团队文档规范的话，这套方案可以发挥更大的潜力。</p>
<p>不要再说学了ast没处用，掌握ast，真的可以为所欲为！</p>

        
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